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|
Vanadium
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| V | 23 | 50.9415 | 1910 °C | 3407 °C | Solid | 6.0 g/cm3 | Metal  |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, symbol, number |
vanadium, V, 23 |
| Chemical series |
transition metals |
| Group, period, block |
5, 4, d |
| Appearance |
silver-grey metal
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
50.9415(1) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Ar] 3d3 4s2 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 11, 2 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
6.0 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
5.5 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
2183 K
(1910 °C, 3470 °F) |
| Boiling point |
3680 K
(3407 °C, 6165 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
21.5 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
459 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) 24.89 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
2101 |
2289 |
2523 |
2814 |
3187 |
3679 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
cubic body centered |
| Oxidation states |
2, 3, 4, 5
(amphoteric oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.63 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 650.9 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1414 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 2830 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
135 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
171 pm |
| Covalent radius |
125 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 197 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 30.7 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 8.4 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 4560 m/s |
| Young's modulus |
128 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
47 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
160 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.37 |
| Mohs hardness |
6.7 |
| Vickers hardness |
628–1500 MPa |
| Brinell hardness |
628– MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-62-2 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Vanadium Compounds
|
Source: Wikipedia article Vanadium
|
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Chemistry Quick Facts
