Element Properties
By Name
By Atomic Number
By Density
Melting & Boiling Point
Electron Configuration
Radioactive Elements
Noble & Precious Metals
Periodic Table
Groups
Periodic Table
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Halogens
Noble (Inert) Gases
Rare Earth Elements
Transition Metals
Metalloids (Semimetals)
Nonmetals
Poor Metals
Materials
Toxic Substances
Semiconductor Materials
Vitamins
Amino Acids
Inventions
& Patents
Reference
|
Thorium
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| Th | 90 | 232.03806 | 1842 °C | 4788 °C | Solid | 11.7 g/cm3 | Metal   |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, Symbol, Number |
thorium, Th, 90 |
| Chemical series |
Actinides |
| Group, Period, Block |
n/a, 7, f |
| Appearance |
silvery white |
| Standard atomic weight |
232.03806(2) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Rn] 6d2 7s2 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 10, 2 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
11.7 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
2115 K
(1842 °C, 3348 °F) |
| Boiling point |
5061 K
(4788 °C, 8650 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
13.81 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
514 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) 26.230 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
| P(Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T(K) |
2633 |
2907 |
3248 |
3683 |
4259 |
5055 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
cubic face centered |
| Oxidation states |
4
(weakly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.3 (scale Pauling) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 587 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1110 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 1930 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
180 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
no data |
| Electrical resistivity |
(0 °C) 147 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 54.0 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 11.0 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 2490 m/s |
| Young's modulus |
79 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
31 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
54 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.27 |
| Mohs hardness |
3.0 |
| Vickers hardness |
350 MPa |
| Brinell hardness |
400 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-29-1 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Thorium Compounds
|
Source: Wikipedia article Thorium
|
|
Chemistry Quick Facts