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|
Thallium
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| Tl | 81 | 204.3833 | 304 °C | 1473 °C | Solid | 11.85 g/cm3 | Metal  |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, Symbol, Number |
thallium, Tl, 81 |
| Chemical series |
poor metals |
| Group, Period, Block |
13, 6, p |
| Appearance |
silvery white
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
204.3833(2) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
11.85 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
11.22 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
577 K
(304 °C, 579 °F) |
| Boiling point |
1746 K
(1473 °C, 2683 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
4.14 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
165 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) 26.32 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
| P(Pa) |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T(K) |
882 |
977 |
1097 |
1252 |
1461 |
1758 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal |
| Oxidation states |
3, 1
(mildly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.62 (scale Pauling) |
| Ionization energies |
1st: 589.4 kJ/mol |
| 2nd: 1971 kJ/mol |
| 3rd: 2878 kJ/mol |
| Atomic radius |
190 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
156 pm |
| Covalent radius |
148 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
196 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
??? |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 0.18 µ Ω·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 46.1 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 29.9 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 818 m/s |
| Young's modulus |
8 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
2.8 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
43 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.45 |
| Mohs hardness |
1.2 |
| Brinell hardness |
26.4 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-28-0 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Thallium Compounds
|
Source: Wikipedia article Thallium
|
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Chemistry Quick Facts
