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|
Scandium
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| Sc | 21 | 44.955912 | 1541 °C | 2836 °C | Solid | 2.985 g/cm3 | Metal |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, symbol, number |
scandium, Sc, 21 |
| Chemical series |
transition metals |
| Group, period, block |
3, 4, d |
| Appearance |
silvery white
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
44.955912(6) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Ar] 3d1 4s2 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 9, 2 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
2.985 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
2.80 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
1814 K
(1541 °C, 2806 °F) |
| Boiling point |
3109 K
(2836 °C, 5136 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
14.1 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
332.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) 25.52 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
1645 |
1804 |
(2006) |
(2266) |
(2613) |
(3101) |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal |
| Oxidation states |
3
(weakly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.36 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 633.1 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1235.0 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 2388.6 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
160 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
184 pm |
| Covalent radius |
144 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(r.t.) (α, poly)
calc. 562 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 15.8 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(r.t.) (α, poly)
10.2 µm/(m·K) |
| Young's modulus |
74.4 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
29.1 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
56.6 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.279 |
| Brinell hardness |
750 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-20-2 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Scandium Compounds
|
Source: Wikipedia article Scandium
|
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Chemistry Quick Facts
