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Potassium (Kalium)
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| K | 19 | 39.0983 | 63.38 °C | 759 °C | Solid | 0.89 g/cm3 | Alkali Metal |
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| General |
| Name, symbol, number |
potassium, K, 19 |
| Chemical series |
alkali metals |
| Group, period, block |
1, 4, s |
| Appearance |
silvery white
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
39.0983(1) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Ar] 4s1 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 8, 1 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
0.89 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
0.828 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
336.53 K
(63.38 °C, 146.08 °F) |
| Boiling point |
1032 K
(759 °C, 1398 °F) |
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
cubic body centered |
| Oxidation states |
1
(strongly basic oxide) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 418.8 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 3052 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 4420 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
220 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
243 pm |
| Covalent radius |
196 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
275 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 102.5 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 83.3 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 2000 m/s |
| Young's modulus |
3.53 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
1.3 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
3.1 GPa |
| Mohs hardness |
0.4 |
| Brinell hardness |
0.363 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-09-7 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
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Potassium Compounds
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Source: Wikipedia article Potassium
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Chemistry Quick Facts
