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|
Magnesium
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| Mg | 12 | 24.3050 | 650 °C | 1090 °C | Solid | 1.738 g/cm3 | Alkaline Earth Metal |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, symbol, number |
magnesium, Mg, 12 |
| Chemical series |
alkaline earth metals |
| Group, period, block |
2, 3, s |
| Appearance |
silvery white solid at room temp
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
24.3050(6) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Ne] 3s2 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 2 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
1.738 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
1.584 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
923 K
(650 °C, 1202 °F) |
| Boiling point |
1363 K
(1090 °C, 1994 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
8.48 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
128 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) 24.869 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
701 |
773 |
861 |
971 |
1132 |
1361 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal |
| Oxidation states |
2
(strongly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.31 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 737.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1450.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 7732.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
150 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
145 pm |
| Covalent radius |
130 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
173 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 43.9 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 156 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 24.8 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(r.t.) (annealed)
4940 m·s−1 |
| Young's modulus |
45 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
17 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
45 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.29 |
| Mohs hardness |
2.5 |
| Brinell hardness |
260 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7439-95-4 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Magnesium Compounds
|
Source: Wikipedia article Magnesium
|
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Chemistry Quick Facts
