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Reference


Lithium
Chemical Properties & Compounds



Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Weight Melting Point Boiling Point Phase Density Classification
Li 3 6.941 180.54 °C 1342 °C Solid 0.534 g/cm3 Alkali Metal


3 helium ← lithium → beryllium
H
↑
Li
↓
Na
General
Name, symbol, number lithium, Li, 3
Chemical series alkali metals
Group, period, block 1, 2, s
Appearance silvery white/grey
Standard atomic weight 6.941(2) g·mol−1
Electron configuration 1s2 2s1
Electrons per shell 2, 1
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 0.534 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 0.512 g·cm−3
Melting point 453.69 K
(180.54 °C, 356.97 °F)
Boiling point 1615 K
(1342 °C, 2448 °F)
Critical point (extrapolated)
3223 K, 67 MPa
Heat of fusion 3.00 kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 147.1 kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 24.860 J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P/Pa 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T/K 797 885 995 1144 1337 1610
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 1
(strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 0.98 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies 1st: 520.2 kJ/mol
2nd: 7298.1 kJ/mol
3rd: 11815.0 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 145 pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 167 pm
Covalent radius 134 pm
Van der Waals radius 182 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 92.8 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 84.8 W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 46 µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 6000 m/s
Young's modulus 4.9 GPa
Shear modulus 4.2 GPa
Bulk modulus 11 GPa
Mohs hardness 0.6
CAS registry number 7439-93-2
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of lithium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
6Li 7.5% Li is stable with 3 neutrons
7Li 92.5% Li is stable with 4 neutrons
6Li content may be as low as 3.75% in
natural samples. 7Li would therefore
have a content of up to 96.25%.
References
Lithium Compounds

Source: Wikipedia article Lithium


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Last updated: October 2007

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