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|
Iron (Ferrum)
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| Fe | 26 | 55.845 | 1538 °C | 2861 °C | Solid | 7.86 g/cm3 | Metal |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, symbol, number |
iron, Fe, 26 |
| Chemical series |
transition metals |
| Group, period, block |
8, 4, d |
| Appearance |
lustrous metallic
with a grayish tinge
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
55.845(2) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Ar] 4s2 3d6 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 14, 2 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
7.86 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
6.98 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
1811 K
(1538 °C, 2800 °F) |
| Boiling point |
3134 K
(2861 °C, 5182 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
13.81 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
340 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) 25.10 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
1728 |
1890 |
2091 |
2346 |
2679 |
3132 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
body-centered cubic
a=286.65 pm;
face-centered cubic
between 1185–1667 K |
| Oxidation states |
2, 3, 4, 6
(amphoteric oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.83 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 762.5 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1561.9 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 2957 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
140 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
156 pm |
| Covalent radius |
125 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
ferromagnetic |
| 1043 K |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 96.1 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 80.4 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 11.8 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(r.t.) (electrolytic)
5120 m·s−1 |
| Young's modulus |
211 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
82 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
170 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.29 |
| Mohs hardness |
4.0 |
| Vickers hardness |
608 MPa |
| Brinell hardness |
490 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7439-89-6 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Iron Compounds
|
Source: Wikipedia article Iron
|
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Chemistry Quick Facts
