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Reference
|
Carbon
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| C | 6 | 12.0107 | 3550°C | 3800 °C | Solid | 2.267 g/cm3 | Non-Metal |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, symbol, number |
carbon, C, 6 |
| Chemical series |
nonmetals |
| Group, period, block |
14, 2, p |
| Appearance |
black (graphite)
colorless (diamond)
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
12.0107(8) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
1s2 2s2 2p2 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 4 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
(graphite) 2.267 g·cm−3 |
| Density (near r.t.) |
(diamond) 3.513 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
? triple point, ca. 10 MPa
and (4300–4700) K
(4027–4427
°C, 7280–8000 °F) |
| Boiling point |
? subl. ca. 4000 K
(3727 °C, 6740 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
(graphite) ? 100 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of fusion |
(diamond) ? 120 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
? 355.8 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) (graphite)
8.517 J·mol−1·K−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) (diamond)
6.115 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure (graphite)
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
|
2839 |
3048 |
3289 |
3572 |
3908 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
hexagonal |
| Oxidation states |
4, 2
(mildly acidic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
2.55 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 1086.5 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 2352.6 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 4620.5 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
70 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
67 pm |
| Covalent radius |
77 pm |
| Van der Waals radius |
170 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
diamagnetic |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) (graphite)
(119–165) W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) (diamond)
(900–2320) W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal diffusivity |
(300 K) (diamond)
(503–1300) mm²/s |
| Mohs hardness |
(graphite) 1-2 |
| Mohs hardness |
(diamond) 10.0 |
| CAS registry number |
7440-44-0 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Carbon Compounds
Carbon tetrachloride
|
Source: Wikipedia article Carbon
|
|
Chemistry Quick Facts
