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|
Calcium
Chemical Properties & Compounds
| Symbol | Atomic Number | Atomic Weight | Melting Point | Boiling Point | Phase | Density | Classification |
| Ca | 20 | 40.078 | 842 °C | 1484 °C | Solid | 1.55 g/cm3 | Alkaline Earth Metal |
|
|
|
| General |
| Name, symbol, number |
calcium, Ca, 20 |
| Chemical series |
alkaline earth metals |
| Group, period, block |
2, 4, s |
| Appearance |
silvery white
 |
| Standard atomic weight |
40.078(4) g·mol−1 |
| Electron configuration |
[Ar] 4s2 |
| Electrons per shell |
2, 8, 8, 2 |
| Physical properties |
| Phase |
solid |
| Density (near r.t.) |
1.55 g·cm−3 |
| Liquid density at m.p. |
1.378 g·cm−3 |
| Melting point |
1115 K
(842 °C, 1548 °F) |
| Boiling point |
1757 K
(1484 °C, 2703 °F) |
| Heat of fusion |
8.54 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat of vaporization |
154.7 kJ·mol−1 |
| Heat capacity |
(25 °C) 25.929 J·mol−1·K−1 |
Vapor pressure
| P/Pa |
1 |
10 |
100 |
1 k |
10 k |
100 k |
| at T/K |
864 |
956 |
1071 |
1227 |
1443 |
1755 |
|
| Atomic properties |
| Crystal structure |
cubic face centered |
| Oxidation states |
2
(strongly basic oxide) |
| Electronegativity |
1.00 (Pauling scale) |
Ionization energies
(more) |
1st: 589.8 kJ·mol−1 |
| 2nd: 1145.4 kJ·mol−1 |
| 3rd: 4912.4 kJ·mol−1 |
| Atomic radius |
180 pm |
| Atomic radius (calc.) |
194 pm |
| Covalent radius |
174 pm |
| Miscellaneous |
| Magnetic ordering |
paramagnetic |
| Electrical resistivity |
(20 °C) 33.6 nΩ·m |
| Thermal conductivity |
(300 K) 201 W·m−1·K−1 |
| Thermal expansion |
(25 °C) 22.3 µm·m−1·K−1 |
| Speed of sound (thin rod) |
(20 °C) 3810 m/s |
| Young's modulus |
20 GPa |
| Shear modulus |
7.4 GPa |
| Bulk modulus |
17 GPa |
| Poisson ratio |
0.31 |
| Mohs hardness |
1.75 |
| Brinell hardness |
167 MPa |
| CAS registry number |
7440-70-2 |
| Selected isotopes |
|
|
| References |
|
Calcium Compounds
|
Source: Wikipedia article Calcium
|
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Chemistry Quick Facts
