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Reference


Barium
Chemical Properties and Compounds



Symbol Atomic Number Atomic Weight Melting Point Boiling Point Phase Density Classification
Ba 56 137.327 727 °C 1897 °C Solid 3.51 g/cm3 Alkaline Earth Metal Toxic Element


56 caesium ← barium → lanthanum
Sr
↑
Ba
↓
Ra
General
Name, Symbol, Number barium, Ba, 56
Chemical series alkaline earth metals
Group, Period, Block 2, 6, s
Appearance silvery white
Standard atomic weight 137.327(7)  g·mol−1
Electron configuration [Xe] 6s2
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 3.51  g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 3.338  g·cm−3
Melting point 1000 K
(727 °C, 1341 °F)
Boiling point 2170 K
(1897 °C, 3447 °F)
Heat of fusion 7.12  kJ·mol−1
Heat of vaporization 140.3  kJ·mol−1
Heat capacity (25 °C) 28.07  J·mol−1·K−1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 911 1038 1185 1388 1686 2170
Atomic properties
Crystal structure cubic body centered
Oxidation states 2
(strongly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 0.89 (scale Pauling)
Ionization energies 1st: 502.9 kJ/mol
2nd: 965.2 kJ/mol
3rd: 3600 kJ/mol
Atomic radius 215  pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 253  pm
Covalent radius 198  pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering paramagnetic
Electrical resistivity (20 °C) 332 n Ω·m
Thermal conductivity (300 K) 18.4  W·m−1·K−1
Thermal expansion (25 °C) 20.6  µm·m−1·K−1
Speed of sound (thin rod) (20 °C) 1620 m/s
Young's modulus 13  GPa
Shear modulus 4.9  GPa
Bulk modulus 9.6  GPa
Mohs hardness 1.25
CAS registry number 7440-39-3
Selected isotopes
Main article: Isotopes of barium
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP
130Ba 0.106% Ba is stable with 74 neutrons
132Ba 0.101% Ba is stable with 76 neutrons
133Ba syn 10.51 y ε 0.517 133Cs
134Ba 2.417% Ba is stable with 78 neutrons
135Ba 6.592% Ba is stable with 79 neutrons
136Ba 7.854% Ba is stable with 80 neutrons
137Ba 11.23% Ba is stable with 81 neutrons
138Ba 71.7% Ba is stable with 82 neutrons
References
Barium Compounds

Source: Wikipedia article Barium


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